Energi Potensial: Pengertian, Jenis, Rumus, Dan Contohnya
Potential Energy, like jewelry in a treasure, is part of a secure or stored energy in an object or a substance. This energy force is based on the layout, the layout, or the state of matter or matter. When the layout, the layout, or the state of things change, the stored energy will be released, like when it compresses the spring, the kinetic energy it needs to compress the spring will turn into potential energy.
Like other kinds of energy, potential energy also has multiple variants, one of which is gravitational energy. Thanks to gravity's energy, we can imagine what it's like to fly a free kite in the air.
Potential Energy
Potential energy is energy that is invisible to the object of silence and is one of two forms of energy, while another form is the kinetic energy that is shown by moving objects. Potential energy is the essence of any physics discussion and one of the most important factors in the formula that explains our universe.
In physics, Potential Energy is the energy that an object has because it's relative to another object, voltage in an object, electrical charge, or other factors. Potential Energy term was discovered by Scottish engineers and physicists, William Rankine, in the 19th century, although it had a connection to the concept of potential of Greek philosophers, Aristotle.
Potential energy is related to the forces that work on an object so that the total effort that force does is dependent only on the first and final positions of things in space. These styles, called conservative force, can be represented at any point in space with a vector specified as gradient of a particular scalar function called potential.
Potential Energy Understanding
Potential energy is a form of energy contained and depends on the relative position of parts in a system. It depends on the position of one object against another. For example, a brick has a higher potential energy when it's on top of a two-story building than it's just standing on the ground.
Thus, the relative position of bricks against the Earth made it have greater potential energy. However, two cross-bricks don't give each other more energy, because there's no force that works on them. The same principle applies on any scale, both galaxies and atoms. Atomies have potential energy, although their fixed movements cause a lot of potential energy to turn into kinetic energy.
Potential Energy Understanding Experts
Here are some definitions of Potential Energy according to some experts, among other things:
- According to Energy Education, potential energy is a energy stored in an object or an object system and can relate to its position, its chemical bonds, a potential radioactive decay, or other forms. Potential energy has the potential to convert into kinetic energy and is part of mechanical energy.
- According to Cambridge Dictionary, potential energy is stored because of the position (like lifting an object), the condition (such as attraction or forming an object), or chemical form (like fuel or battery).
Potential Energy Type
Here are some sort of or type of Potential Energy, among these as follows:
1. Gravity
The potential energy of gravity is the energy that is possessed by a mass, based on its position in space and the force of gravity that draws them together.
Because the Earth is so big compared to things on it, it's easy to see that these things are drawn towards the center of the planet, not the planets that are drawn towards objects. The direction the gravitational pull of the Earth is "down."
2. Elastic
The potential elastic energy associated with the elasticity nature of the material, which is the tendency to return to its original form suddenly after experiencing a greater deformation force of force. This sudden movement happens in compressed and compressed spring, or in equipment like catapults or bows that shoot arrows.
3. Chemistry
In terms of chemical potential energy, we focus on how atoms and molecules are organized in chemical bonds to store energy, as it happens in the animal body through glucose, the compounds used to provide energy for our metabolism.
Four. Electrostatic
In electrical fields, the concept of potential energy also applies, especially in an electrical circuit (where the current is conservation) or the current storage method, which can be converted into another form of energy like kinetic, thermal, or light, considering the extraordinary electrical advantage.
The potential electricity was found by calculating electrostatic potential energy, which could be a repulsion or a pull (if it had a different charge), so it created positive or negative potential energy, as it might have been.
5. Nuclear
Nuclear potential energy is in the atomic nucleus. Proton and neutron in nucleus are united by a powerful nuclear force, which balances the repulsion of the Coulomb force between protons.
The weak force keeps the balance of neutron and proton, while the nuclear force is stronger and has shorter range than the Coulomb style, thus making the atomic nucleus intact to a certain size (has a radius of 8 × 1015 meters). The balance between the strong nuclear force and the Coulomb force really affects whether the nuclear combination is stable or radioactive.
Rumus Energi Potensial
Here are some examples of formulas related to the computation of potential energy, among these as follows:
- Gravity potential energy in a uniform gravitational field
The formula is: mgh, where g is the magnitude of the gravitational field, m is the mass of an object, and h is the height of an object from point zero. - The potential energy stored in the stretch or compression spring
The formula:2, with k is a spring constant, x It's an extension spring. - Power potential energy in a uniform electric field
The formula: xenqEx, with E is the field of electricity which is the uniform, q is the electrical charge of the object, x is the distance at the same line but it's opposite to E. - Magnetic Potential Energy
So the formula: - Gravity potential energy due to mass of two points
The formula: - Power potential energy due to charge points
The formula: q1 and q2 is a cargo separated by distance r, or loading point q1 in origin and charge points q1 at a distance of r of origin; zeroes are selected at infinity.
Potential Energy Utilities
And also you need to know that these are some of the benefits of potential energy that you can know, among other things:
- Helps explain and predict the behavior of objects who experience style: potential energy helps explain how objects react to different forces. For example, Potential energy formula Gravity can help predict the movements of objects that fall.
- Potential energy is the basis of different kinds of technology and innovation, such as spring, energy storage systems and weapons.
- It helps determine the stability of the system: in chemistry, potential energy helps determine the stability of chemical bonds, so it helps understand the behavior and chemical reactions.
- It's an energy source: potential energy can also be converted into other forms of energy, like kinetic or thermal, which can be used to supply energy.
- It helps to understand natural phenomena: potential energy helps to understand a lot of natural phenomena, like the movement of objects and the thrill of spring.
Potential Energy Sample
And it's important to know that these are examples of application of potential energy that you should know about, among other things:
1. Pendulum
The pendulum is a construct where a burden is placed on a shaft so it can swing easily. Like it's a pendulum clock. If a pendulum ball is held at one end, it has maximum potential energy at the time because of its position. However, when we release the pendulum ball, that potential energy turns into kinetic energy.
When the pendulum ball will reach the other end, before returning through the same path, the pendulum will pause at the highest point. At this point, kinetic energy will turn into potential energy. The process will repeat itself until the pendulum stops. The changes in energy will be as shown in the diagram below.
2. Bow and Arrow
The utilization of bows and arrows refers to the first law of thermodynamics, which is "energy cannot be created or destroyed, can only be transferred from one form to another."
When an archer pulls a bow rope, he adds elastic potential energy to the flexible part of the bow. The harder the archer pulls the rope, the more potential energy is collected on the bow arm as it stretches.
When the bow ropes are released, arrows move very fast. Potential energy collected on the bow through the stretch rapidly passed to the arrow in the form of kinetic energy, thus making the arrow move forward.
3. The food we eat
How can we move and do a job that requires energy? Where's the energy source in the body to carry out these tasks? We know that jobs require energy, and we get energy from the food that we consume.
Once food reaches the stomach, chemical potential energy is converted into energy that the body can use. Every single atom has potential energy.
It's interesting, if we compare two pieces of meat, which is the same heat and cold meat, we'll see that hot meat has more energy than cold meat because it has extra heat energy, but the amount of potential energy remains the same.
Four. Water on dam and reservoir
Water stored in reservoirs or dams for various needs such as water power plants, irrigation, flood prevention, human consumption, industry, etc. have potential energy.
Because the water being held in the reservoir is silent and not allowed to flow, the energy there is called potential energy; because potential energy is a type of energy possessed by a silent object. When the dam gate opens, the original water will start to move and the potential energy stored in the water will translate into kinetic energy.
5. Rubber bracelet
If we extend the rubber band, it stores potential energy. Elastic potential energy lies in the rubber bands that are flexed. When the rubber bands are released, it quickly returns to its original form and the potential elastic energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
Six. Swimmer
Before swimming, swimmers often do a stretch on the diving board. By the time they're standing on the diving board, they have gravitational potential energy. When they swim, this potential energy turns into kinetic energy.
This explains why swimmers jump before swimming to acquire maximum gravitational potential energy, which will translate into kinetic energy. The bigger the kinetic energy, the easier it is to cut the viscosity of the water in the pond.
It's an article on the understanding of potential energy according to experts, its kind, computation formulas, benefits, and for example in everyday life. Hopefully give you some useful education.
In addition to that, you can study the science of potential energy through the video below:
